Scuderia Coloni

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Italy Scuderia Coloni
Founded1983
Folded2015
Team principal(s)Paolo Coloni
Former seriesFormula 3000
Italian F3
Superleague Formula
Formula One
Euroseries 3000
Formula BMW Europe
GP2 Asia Series
GP2 Series
Auto GP
Noted driversBrazil Pedro Bianchini
Italy Marco Bonanomi
Italy Gianmaria Bruni
United Kingdom Adam Carroll
Turkey Jason Tahincioğlu
Italy Alex Ciompi
Italy Luca Filippi
Venezuela Rodolfo González
Romania Michael Herck
Italy Fabio Onidi
Italy Giorgio Pantano
Brazil Luiz Razia
Italy Giacomo Ricci
Spain Adrián Vallés

Coloni Motorsport, also known as Scuderia Coloni, was an auto racing team from Italy. Founded by former racing driver Enzo Coloni in 1983, the team participated in Formula Three between 1983 and 1986, before racing in Formula One as Enzo Coloni Racing Car Systems between 1987 and 1991. They made 82 attempts to take part in a Formula One race but only qualified 14 times. Since then, under the management of Enzo Coloni's son Paolo, the team has been successful in Formula Three, Formula 3000 and GP2 Series. Between 2006 and 2009 the team ran under the name of Fisichella Motor Sport, with support from Formula One driver Giancarlo Fisichella and his manager Enrico Zanarini.

Origins of the team[edit]

Headquarters of Coloni Motorsport in Passignano sul Trasimeno (2016)

Coloni was founded in 1983 in Passignano sul Trasimeno by Enzo Coloni, a racing driver from Perugia. Nicknamed "Il lupo" (the wolf - a trait that would later be reflected in his company's logo) due to his aggressive racing style, Coloni competed in the Italian Formula 3 and European Formula Two series in the late 1970s/early 1980s. In 1982 he decided to race with his own Formula Three team.

Formula Three and Formula 3000 (1983–1986)[edit]

In its initial foray, the team was very successful, winning the Italian Formula 3 championship drivers' title for three consecutive times with Enzo Coloni (1982); Ivan Capelli (1983); and Alessandro Santin (1984). At the end of the 1982 season Coloni retired from active racing to focus on managing the team. In 1986 Nicola Larini won the Italian Formula 3 title again and raced, alongside Gabriele Tarquini, in Formula 3000 with a March 85B. Tarquini finished tenth in the championship, his best result a third place in Austria. When FIA announced that turbos would be banned from Formula One from 1989 — making the sport more affordable — Coloni saw an opportunity to enter the category and the team progressed to Formula One the next year.

Formula One (1987–1991)[edit]

Coloni-Ford (1987–1989)[edit]

Coloni made its first appearance in Formula One at the 1987 Italian Grand Prix in September 1987, where it failed to qualify. The yellow painted FC187, powered by a Novamotor-prepared Cosworth DFZ, was designed by former Dallara apprentice Roberto Ori. Coloni himself had carried out the shake-down drive and Nicola Larini was signed as the team's sole driver. The Italian recorded Coloni’s first Formula One race start at the 1987 Spanish Grand Prix, although mechanical problems meant that he did not finish. The team did not fly to the end of year overseas races that year, so Larini’s retirement from the Spanish Grand Prix that year ended their first season. They finished 16th and last in the Constructors Championship, the only team without a finish.

The primary emblem used by the team during its participation throughout Formula 1 championships.

The 1988 season was the team's first full season and started well. Although the FC188 was almost identical to its predecessor, Coloni's new driver Gabriele Tarquini qualified regularly and finished 8th at the Canadian Grand Prix. This turned out to be Coloni's best result in Formula One. Due to a shortage of funds very little development work was carried out during the year. The team’s performance suffered as a result and qualification or even prequalification were no longer certain. The team scored no points, finishing again 15th, ahead of Osella, the new EuroBrun and the suffering Zakspeed teams.

The 1989 Monaco Grand Prix was the only race in which two Colonis qualified. Raphanel leads Piquet (Lotus) through the tunnel.
The 1989 Coloni FC188B being demonstrated in 2008.

In 1989, Coloni entered two cars for Roberto Moreno and French newcomer Pierre-Henri Raphanel. The FC188Bs were another update of the 1987 car, but were hard to handle and about 20 km/h slower than the rest of the grid. Nevertheless, both drivers were able to qualify for the Monaco Grand Prix. This was the only race participation of a Coloni in the first part of the season. In Canada, Coloni presented a new car (the Coloni C3) which was penned by former AGS engineer Christian Vanderpleyn. The C3 was a basically good design but the team's performance suffered from lack of testing, often struggling to find the right setup for the races. The team failed to qualify for most of the rest of the season — only in three cases, the debut of the Coloni C3, the 1989 Canadian Grand Prix, the 1989 British Grand Prix and at the Portuguese Grand Prix did Moreno qualify, in 26th, 23rd and 15th place respectively, after a developmental front wing was fitted for Estoril. Unfortunately for the team, he then collided with Eddie Cheever in the warm-up [2] Archived 2007-09-26 at the Wayback Machine and had to use the spare car. He did not finish the race as the engine blew up after a handful of laps. As results failed to arrive, the team was cut back throughout the year. After Vanderpleyn had left the team in September, Enzo Coloni took over the engineer's job himself but this brought no improvement; neither did the new driver Enrico Bertaggia who replaced Raphanel for the last races. The team finished equal 18th and last with Zakspeed. The Portuguese Grand Prix proved to be the last qualification for a Coloni car.

Coloni-Subaru (1990)[edit]

In 1990 Coloni struck a deal with Subaru, the automobile branch of Fuji Heavy Industries. The Japanese car manufacturer took over 51% of the team and supplied a brand new flat-12 engine designed by Carlo Chiti. Enzo Coloni staying on board as the man responsible for operations. By the beginning of 1990, the Subaru engine was not producing more than 500 bhp. A handful of Coloni's mechanics worked on a single C3 and tried to put the Subaru engine in it. The work was not done until the day the FIA started shipping the Formula One material to Phoenix. In the pits at Phoenix, the car was assembled for the very first time and a short shakedown took place in the parking area of an American supermarket. The car didn't have an airbox and sported wide, long sidepods. It did not follow common design practices for the time, was overweight by 300 pounds (140 kg) and proved uncompetitive. Neither at Phoenix nor at any other race did Bertrand Gachot, Coloni's new driver, manage to prequalify the car. Although lacking aerodynamic downforce or the engine power necessary to be competitive, the C3 was described by Gachot (speaking in 2021) as "the most fun" car he drove during his F1 career.[1] As the season went on, improvements were few and results stayed nowhere. In May, Subaru decided to remove Enzo Coloni from his sporting director role, but no improvement came, and the Japanese company decided to withdraw from the partnership, selling the team back to Enzo Coloni, debt free, but with no sponsors and no engines. By the German Grand Prix Coloni had arranged a supply of Ford-Cosworth engines, prepared by Langford & Peck. An improved car also appeared in Germany. The C3C was a 1989 C3 with minor aerodynamic changes. The car was quicker but not enough to achieve any serious results. Gachot was usually able to prequalify his car but the qualification for the race was still out of reach. At the end of the season, Coloni had not qualified for a single Grand Prix.

Coloni-Ford (1991)[edit]

For the 1991 season the team consisted of only six people, and would be the last time a Formula One team entered only one car during the entire season. The car was another version of the C3 from 1989 which had seen some detail work from students of the University of Perugia and which was now called a C4. Enzo Coloni had hoped to sign Andrea de Cesaris as his first driver, who had backing from Marlboro, but De Cesaris opted to go with Jordan Grand Prix. Coloni handed his single car to newcomer Pedro Chaves from Portugal, who had just won the British Formula 3000 series in 1990. The car was out of date, fragile and hard to handle and Chaves was not familiar with most of the tracks. As a result, Chaves never escaped prequalification, and quit the team after the Portuguese Grand Prix. For the following race, Coloni was unable to find a new driver, but for the last two races of the season, he employed Naoki Hattori, a Japanese driver with a very decent record in other formulae but with no experience in Formula One. The results did not improve and Coloni sold his team to Andrea Sassetti, who renamed it Andrea Moda Formula for 1992.

Complete Formula One results[edit]

(key)

Year Chassis Engines Tyres Drivers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Points WCC
1987 FC187 Ford Cosworth DFZ 3.5 V8 G BRA SMR BEL MON DET FRA GBR GER HUN AUT ITA POR ESP MEX JPN AUS 0 NC
Italy Nicola Larini DNQ Ret
1988 FC188
FC188B
Ford Cosworth DFZ 3.5 V8 G BRA SMR MON MEX CAN DET FRA GBR GER HUN BEL ITA POR ESP JPN AUS 0 NC
Italy Gabriele Tarquini Ret Ret Ret 14 8 DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ 13 Ret DNQ 11 DNPQ DNPQ DNQ
1989 FC188B
C3
Ford Cosworth DFR 3.5 V8 P BRA SMR MON MEX USA CAN FRA GBR GER HUN BEL ITA POR ESP JPN AUS 0 NC
Brazil Roberto Moreno DNQ DNQ Ret DNQ DNQ Ret DNQ Ret DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ Ret DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ
France Pierre-Henri Raphanel DNPQ DNPQ Ret DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ
Italy Enrico Bertaggia DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ
1990 C3B Subaru 1235 3.5 F12 G USA BRA SMR MON CAN MEX FRA GBR GER HUN BEL ITA POR ESP JPN AUS 0 NC
Belgium Bertrand Gachot DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ
C3C Ford Cosworth DFR 3.5 V8 DNPQ DNPQ DNQ DNQ DNQ DNQ DNQ DNQ 0 NC
1991 C4 Ford Cosworth DFR 3.5 V8 G USA BRA SMR MON CAN MEX FRA GBR GER HUN BEL ITA POR ESP JPN AUS 0 NC
Portugal Pedro Chaves DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ DNPQ
Japan Naoki Hattori DNPQ DNPQ

Formula Three (1991–1996)[edit]

The team had another stint in Formula 3 before eventually stepping up to Formula 3000. Enzo's son, Paolo Coloni, drove for the team in the Italian Championship between 1991 and 1993. He also finished second in the 1993 Masters of Formula 3. When Paolo left the Italian series, the team continued in Italian F3 until the end of 1996, with Esteban Tuero and Dino Morelli at the wheel.

Formula 3000[edit]

Coloni Motorsport made the switch to International Formula 3000 in 1997. They made a breakthrough year in 2002, when Giorgio Pantano and Enrico Toccacelo drove for the team. Pantano finished the year as runner-up, with Toccacelo in ninth, taking three wins between them. Ricardo Sperafico and Zsolt Baumgartner drove for Coloni in 2003, with Sperafico finishing as series runner-up, while Baumgartner made his Formula One debut for Jordan Grand Prix at his home race — the 2003 Hungarian Grand Prix.

GP2 Series[edit]

The team continued to race in the Formula One feeder series — which was rebranded as the GP2 Series in 2005. Mathias Lauda and Gianmaria Bruni, who had raced in F1 for Minardi in 2004, started the season, although Toni Vilander and Ferdinando Monfardini raced Bruni's car following his departure from the team with three rounds left.

Fisichella Motor Sport International[edit]

At the end of 2005, Formula One driver Giancarlo Fisichella joined forces with Coloni.[2] Fisichella Motor Sport had a team, run by Coloni, racing in the 2005 Italian Formula 3000 season. They won that title with Luca Filippi, who moved across to GP2 with FMSI in 2006. He was joined by Turkey's Jason Tahincioglu, who brought sponsorship from Petrol Ofisi. Filippi left the team after three rounds and was replaced by former Coloni driver Giorgio Pantano, who won three races later that season.

Adam Carroll driving for FMSI in Monaco in 2008.

Former F1 driver Antônio Pizzonia joined Tahincioglu at the team for 2007, although he was dropped in favour of Adam Carroll after three rounds. Carroll went on to win two races during 2007, while Tahincioglu again struggled to score.

In 2008 the team ran in the colours of Fisichella's F1 team Force India. Roldán Rodríguez drove one car for the whole season, while driving duties in the second car were shared between Adrián Vallés, Carroll and Marko Asmer. Andy Soucek was initially signed to drive for the team, but was replaced by Rodríguez shortly before the start of the season.

Fisichella International Racing surprisingly returned to racing via the 2014 Auto GP season, having replaced the short-lived Eurotech Engineering entry midway through the season at Round 5 in Imola.[3] Fielding an all Italian line-up of Kevin Giovesi and Salvatore de Plano for 2014, the team managed three 2nd place finishes, all achieved by Giovesi, with de Plano's best result being 6th at the Red Bull Ring sprint race. For the 2015 season, neither Giovesi or de Plano were retained, instead, FMS brought in Italian Euroformula Open Championship driver Leonardo Pulcini for Hungary, along with Argentinian GP2 refugee Facu Regalia, who won the opening feature race, with Pulcini taking second in the sprint race, ahead of Regalia, who finished in 6th place. Only one car was run for Regalia in round 2 in Silverstone, before the 2015 season was folded due to low entry numbers, marking the end of the FMS name.

Along with the FMS entry in Auto GP, Scuderia Coloni itself also entered the series in 2015, under the Paolo Coloni Racing name.[4] Swiss Ex-Zele Racing driver Christof von Grünigen was signed to the team, and later joined by Italian Loris Spinelli.

Coloni buyout[edit]

Andreas Zuber and Luiz Razia joined the team for 2009. After the sixth round of the season, the Coloni team took back full control of the team after buying out Fisichella. It also had a new sponsorship deal with PartyPokerRacing.com. The deal also applies to their Formula BMW Europe team.[5]

At the following round of the championship, Coloni's cars were impounded as a result of an injunction obtained by Soucek as part of his dispute with the team in its FMSI guise. The team missed the qualifying session and were thus ruled out of competing in either of the weekend's races.[6]

Departure from GP2[edit]

At the Silverstone round of the 2012 GP2 championship, series organisers and Scuderia Coloni announced that the team would leave the series at the end of the 2012 season, and that the team would forfeit all of their points they had received to date and would receive for the remainder of the season. No further explanation was given for their abrupt departure.[7]

Results[edit]

GP2 Series[edit]

Year Team name Car Drivers Races Wins Poles F.L. Points D.C. T.C.
2005 Italy Coloni Motorsport Dallara GP2/05-Mecachrome Austria Mathias Lauda 23 0 0 0 3 21st 9th
Italy Gianmaria Bruni 17 1 0 0 35† 10th
Finland Toni Vilander 4 0 0 0 0 25th
Italy Ferdinando Monfardini 2 0 0 0 5† 17th
2006 Italy Petrol Ofisi FMS International Dallara GP2/05-Mecachrome Italy Luca Filippi 6 0 0 0 7 19th 5th
Italy Giorgio Pantano 15 3 0 0 44 5th
Turkey Jason Tahinci 21 0 0 0 0 30th
2007 Italy Petrol Ofisi FMS International Dallara GP2/05-Mecachrome Brazil Antônio Pizzonia 5 0 0 0 1 27th 9th
United Kingdom Adam Carroll 16 2 0 1 36 7th
Turkey Jason Tahinci 20 0 0 0 0 33rd
2008 Italy FMS International Dallara GP2/08-Mecachrome Spain Roldán Rodríguez 20 0 0 0 14 13th 10th
Spain Adrián Vallés 2 0 0 0 0 21st
United Kingdom Adam Carroll 4 0 0 0 1 25th
Estonia Marko Asmer 13 0 0 0 0 29th
2009 Italy PPR.com Scuderia Coloni‡ Dallara GP2/08-Mecachrome United Arab Emirates Andreas Zuber 18 0 0 0 21 13th 10th
Brazil Luiz Razia 18 1 0 1 8 19th
2010 Italy Scuderia Coloni Dallara GP2/08-Mecachrome Brazil Alberto Valerio 14 0 0 0 4 22nd 10th
Portugal Álvaro Parente 4 0 0 1 13 15th
United Kingdom James Jakes 2 0 0 0 0 31st
Bulgaria Vladimir Arabadzhiev 16 0 0 0 0 29th
New Zealand Brendon Hartley 4 0 0 0 1 27th
2011 Italy Scuderia Coloni Dallara GP2/11-Mecachrome Romania Michael Herck 18 0 0 0 1 21st 7th
Italy Davide Rigon 2 0 0 0 0 29th
Italy Kevin Ceccon 8 0 0 0 0 30th
Italy Luca Filippi 8 3 0 5 54† 2nd
2012 Italy Scuderia Coloni Dallara GP2/11-Mecachrome Monaco Stefano Coletti 20 0 0 1 28 13th† EX
Italy Luca Filippi 4 1 1 0 29 15th
Italy Fabio Onidi 24 0 0 0 13 20th

† Includes points scored for other teams.
‡ Started the season as Fisichella Motor Sport

In detail[edit]

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

Year Chassis
Engine
Tyres
Drivers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 T.C. Points
2005 GP2/05
Renault
B
SMR
FEA
SMR
SPR
CAT
FEA
CAT
SPR
MON
FEA
NÜR
FEA
NÜR
SPR
MAG
FEA
MAG
SPR
SIL
FEA
SIL
SPR
HOC
FEA
HOC
SPR
HUN
FEA
HUN
SPR
IST
FEA
IST
SPR
MNZ
FEA
MNZ
SPR
SPA
FEA
SPA
SPR
BHR
FEA
BHR
SPR
8th 36
Austria Mathias Lauda 12 Ret Ret 13 6 10 Ret 16 15 20 15 14 21 Ret 14 16 18 13 12 9 24 14 21
Italy Gianmaria Bruni 4 4 1 Ret 2 8 Ret 18 11 7 11 NC 14 10 8 Ret 9
Finland Toni Vilander 15 8 14 13
Italy Ferdinando Monfardini Ret 11
2006 GP2/05
Renault
B
VAL
FEA
VAL
SPR
SMR
FEA
SMR
SPR
NÜR
FEA
NÜR
SPR
CAT
FEA
CAT
SPR
MON
FEA
SIL
FEA
SIL
SPR
MAG
FEA
MAG
SPR
HOC
FEA
HOC
SPR
HUN
FEA
HUN
SPR
IST
FEA
IST
SPR
MNZ
FEA
MNZ
SPR
5th 46
Italy Luca Filippi Ret Ret 11 5 Ret Ret
Italy Giorgio Pantano 9 7 Ret 5 4 6 1 4 5 3 13 Ret Ret 1 1
Turkey Jason Tahinci Ret Ret Ret Ret DNS 18 15 19 Ret 13 16 Ret 17 17 17 Ret 14 17 17 11 13
2007 GP2/05
Renault
B
BHR
FEA
BHR
SPR
CAT
FEA
CAT
SPR
MON
FEA
MAG
FEA
MAG
SPR
SIL
FEA
SIL
SPR
NÜR
FEA
NÜR
SPR
HUN
FEA
HUN
SPR
IST
FEA
IST
SPR
MNZ
FEA
MNZ
SPR
SPA
FEA
SPA
SPR
VAL
FEA
VAL
SPR
9th 37
Brazil Antônio Pizzonia 16 Ret Ret 8 8
United Kingdom Adam Carroll DSQ 14 6 1 Ret 14 1 2 3 3 Ret 15 Ret 6 Ret 15
Turkey Jason Tahinci Ret 13 DNS Ret Ret 15 18 19 16 17 19 Ret 11 14 Ret 11 20 14 20 13 Ret
2008 GP2/08
Renault
B
CAT
FEA
CAT
SPR
IST
FEA
IST
SPR
MON
FEA
MON
FEA
MAG
FEA
MAG
SPR
SIL
FEA
SIL
SPR
HOC
FEA
HOC
SPR
HUN
FEA
HUN
SPR
VAL
FEA
VAL
SPR
SPA
FEA
SPA
SPR
MNZ
FEA
MNZ
SPR
10th 15
Spain Roldán Rodríguez Ret Ret 12 13 6 4 Ret 16 11 Ret 18 15 19 Ret Ret 10 21 Ret 6 2
Spain Adrián Vallés 18 11
United Kingdom Adam Carroll 8 Ret Ret Ret
Estonia Marko Asmer 17 11 20 13 14 12 18 Ret DNS Ret 16 Ret Ret Ret
2009 GP2/08
Renault
B
CAT
FEA
CAT
SPR
MON
FEA
MON
FEA
IST
FEA
IST
SPR
SIL
FEA
SIL
SPR
NÜR
FEA
NÜR
SPR
HUN
FEA
HUN
SPR
VAL
FEA
VAL
SPR
SPA
FEA
SPA
SPR
MNZ
FEA
MNZ
SPR
ALG
FEA
ALG
SPR
10th 29
United Arab Emirates Andreas Zuber Ret Ret 3 5 9 19 8 2 3 Ret Ret 17 16 Ret 12 Ret 8 12
Brazil Luiz Razia 16 12 13 10 Ret 20 20 Ret Ret 14 Ret Ret Ret 13 8 1 10 17
2010 GP2/08
Renault
B
CAT
FEA
CAT
SPR
MON
FEA
MON
SPR
IST
FEA
IST
SPR
VAL
FEA
VAL
SPR
SIL
FEA
SIL
SPR
HOC
FEA
HOC
SPR
HUN
FEA
HUN
SPR
SPA
FEA
SPA
SPR
MNZ
FEA
MNZ
SPR
YMC
FEA
YMC
SPR
10th 18
Brazil Alberto Valerio 14 Ret 5 Ret 17 19 9 Ret 14 22 11 12 Ret 12
Portugal Alvaro Parente 2 3 12 9
United Kingdom James Jakes 15 18
Bulgaria Vladimir Arabadzhiev 19 20 Ret 13 Ret Ret 13 9 21 17 15 15 18 14 19 Ret
New Zealand Brendon Hartley Ret Ret 9 6
2011 GP2/11
Mecachrome
P
IST
FEA
IST
SPR
CAT
FEA
CAT
SPR
MON
FEA
MON
SPR
VAL
FEA
VAL
SPR
SIL
FEA
SIL
SPR
NÜR
FEA
NÜR
SPR
HUN
FEA
HUN
SPR
SPA
FEA
SPA
SPR
MNZ
FEA
MNZ
SPR
7th 46
Romania Michael Herck 14 12 Ret Ret 13 15 10 6 24 18 11 10 12 Ret 16 15 Ret DNS
Italy Davide Rigon 10 Ret
Italy Kevin Ceccon 19 15 11 12 18 20 19 Ret
Italy Luca Filippi 1 3 6 Ret 4 1 1 5
2012 GP2/11
Mecachrome
P
SEP
FEA
SEP
SPR
BHR1
FEA
BHR1
SPR
BHR2
FEA
BHR2
SPR
CAT
FEA
CAT
SPR
MON
FEA
MON
SPR
VAL
FEA
VAL
SPR
SIL
FEA
SIL
SPR
HOC
FEA
HOC
SPR
HUN
FEA
HUN
SPR
SPA
FEA
SPA
SPR
MNZ
FEA
MNZ
SPR
MRN
FEA
MRN
SPR
EX 0
Monaco Stefano Coletti 5 23 Ret 23 21 18 3 8 10 Ret 9 Ret Ret Ret 20 19 10 9 20 8
Italy Luca Filippi 1 22 Ret DNS
Italy Fabio Onidi 20 13 8 14 20 9 6 18 Ret Ret 13 17 22 8 19 22 11 24 16 12 21 Ret Ret 20

Superleague Formula[edit]

Year Car Teams Races Wins Poles Fast laps Points T.C.
2008 Panoz DP09-Menard Italy A.S. Roma 12 0 1 0 307 5th

References[edit]

  1. ^ [1], Beyond the Grid Podcast "Bertrand Gachot on the prison sentence that handed Michael Schumacher his F1 debut", 25th August 2021.
  2. ^ "Confirmed: Fisichella to partner Coloni in GP2". crash.net. 2005-12-12. Retrieved 2009-08-21.
  3. ^ "AUTO GP - News - Auto GP returns to Imola this week-end".
  4. ^ "AUTO GP - News - Pizzonia (Zele Racing), von Grünigen (Paolo Coloni Racing) join 2015 Auto GP ranks". Archived from the original on 2017-04-07. Retrieved 2017-10-31.
  5. ^ Glendenning, Mark (2009-08-21). "Coloni takes full control of FMS team". autosport.com. Retrieved 2009-08-21.
  6. ^ Glendenning, Mark (2009-08-28). "Legal row forces Coloni to miss Spa". autosport.com. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 2009-08-29.
  7. ^ Elizalde, Pablo (6 July 2012). "Coloni to leave GP2 at end of 2012". Autosport. Haymarket Publications. Retrieved 6 July 2012.

External links[edit]