User:Mervyn/Timeline of communications and media

Timeline of communications and media is a temporary personal working list of notable events -- a check list to see if wikipedia has an article. Needs much disambiguation.

1700-1799

• 1714 first typewriter patented by Henry Mill in England
• 1719 Reaumur proposes using wood to make paper
• 1720 South Sea Bubble bursts
• 1724 Thomas Longman founded
• 1727 The Gentleman's Magazine, first modern magazine
• 1741 first magazine in America is published - American Magazine
• 1742 Benjamin Franklin's General Magazine prints first American magazine ads
• 1755 Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language
• 1757 Whatman invents wove paper
• 1762 John Murray (publisher) founded
• 1764 Fournier develops point system to measure type sizes
• 1765 earliest known children's pop-up book
• 1768 first edition of Encyclopaedia Britannica
• 1768 first Letters of Junius in England
• 1768 first voyage of Cook's Endeavour
• 1770 gum eraser
• 1770 Eyre & Spottiswoode founded
• 1772 first English patent for coloured ink
• 1774 paper whitener kyle was born in jamaica
• 1783 Glasgow Herald founded
• 1784 first edition of The Times
• 1786 Playfair's Commercial & Political Atlas
• 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man
• 1791 establishment of the Observer
• 1792 Chappe's mechanical semaphore in France
• 1792 New York Stock Exchange established
• 1792 postal money orders in Britain
• 1794 Metric system in France
• 1798 Thomas Malthus's first Essay on Population
• 1798 Alois Senefelder invents lithography
• 1799 paper-making machine invented in France by Robert

1800-1849

• 1801 Jacquard invents punch-card control for looms
• 1803 Sydney Gazette & NSW Advertiser - first newspaper in Australia
• 1804 Bonnier founded
• 1806 carbon paper
• 1807 camera lucida
• 1807 John Wiley opens shop
• 1807 A&C Black founded
• 1811 Luddite riots in Nottingham
• 1812 Churchill Livingstone founded
• 1813 can opener invented
• 1814 The Times printed by steam-powered rotary press
• 1815 patent for lined notepaper
• 1817 Berzelius isolates selenium
• 1817 Ricardo's On the Principles of Political Economy & Taxation
• 1817 Sir David Brewster patents the kaleidoscope ¥
• 1817 Say's Catechism of Political Economy
• 1818 Butterworth founded
• 1820 first manufactured calculating machine, de Colmar's Arithometer
• 1822 het Algemeen Handelsblad founded
• 1822 Daguerre and Bouton stage the first diorama in Paris
• 1823 Charles Babbage builds section of calculating machine
• 1825 First railway opens, from Stockton to Darlington
• 1827 Niépce makes first true photograph
• 1827 first microphone constructed by Wheatstone
• 1827 Samuel F. B. Morse founds Journal of Commerce
• 1829 first US patent for a typewriter
• 1829 Wheatstone uses punched paper tape to store data
• 1830 number of ads in British newspapers rises to 877,972 pa
• 1830 Stamp Tax abolished in Australia
• 1832 Havas news agency established
• 1833 experimental 1 kilometre-long electric telegraph in Germany
• 1834 Babbage conceives Analytical Engine
• 1834 Routledge founded
• 1835 Bertelsmann founded as a religious printer
• 1835 Agence Havas news and advertising agency founded
• 1835 Libel Act in England establishes truth allowed as defence in defamation for first time in UK
• 1836 General Register Office in the UK
• 1837 Wheatstone and Cooke patent electric telegraph
• 1837 Samuel F. B. Morse exhibits electric telegraph in US
• 1837 world's largest newspaper, New York Sun, has 30 000 circulation
• 1837 Pitman publishes book on shorthand
• 1838 Jacobi introduces the electrotype, permitting extended print runs for illustrated publications ¥
• 1838 London to Birmingham railway opens ¥
• 1838 Daguerre-Niépce method begins photographic revolution
• 1839 William Fox Talbot in England produces photographs from negatives
• 1839 electrotyping (duplicating of printing plates) invented by Jacobi
• 1839 electricity used to run printing press
• 1839 Henri Becquerel notes electrochemical effects of light
• 1840 first postage stamps sold in Britain
• 1841 Volney Palmer, first media broker
• 1841 first type-composing machine used in London
• 1842 Illustrated London News appears
• 1842 Sydney Morning Herald (SMH) appears
• 1842 Galveston Daily News founded
• 1843 first Christmas card commissioned by Henry Cole from artist John Calcott Horsley
• 1843 Economist founded
• 1843 Macmillan founded
• 1843 photographic enlarger
• 1843 Ada Lovelace publishes Notes about Computing
• 1843 first public telegraph line, from Paddington to Slough
• 1843 News of the World mass-market newspaper begins publication ¥
• 1844 Pearson media group founded as UK civil engineering contractor
• 1844 Toronto Globe founded
• 1844 de Nieuwe Rotterdamse Courant founded
• 1844 Samuel F. B. Morse's telegraph connects Washington and Baltimore
• 1844 First photographically illustrated book published
• 1845 Straits Times launched
• 1845 cable laid across English Channel
• 1845 typewriter ribbon
• 1846 double cylinder rotary press produces 8,000 sheets per hour
• 1846 Melbourne Argus appears
• 1846 Moreton Bay (Brisbane) Courier
• 1847 Levi Strauss invents denim jeans
• 1847 Bakewell develops "copying telegraph"
• 1847 Uusi Suomi founded
• 1848 Mill's Principles of Political Economy
• 1848 Marx's Das Kapital
• 1848 first WH Smith railway bookstall
• 1848 Cassell founded
• 1848 first issue of Chicago Tribune
• 1848 first US postage stamp
• 1849 photographic slide
• 1849 first French postage stamp
• 1849 Howe patents safety-pin

1850-1899

• 1850 first machine-made paper bag
• 1850 Mannheim designs logarithmic slide rule
• 1850 number of magazines published in US reaches 685
• 1851 Great Exhibition in London
• 1851 first edition of New York Times
• 1851 Archer invents wet-plate photography
• 1851 patent for Singer sewing machine
• 1851 first Canadian postage stamp
• 1851 Reuters established
• 1851 Collodion (wet plate) photographic process introduced ¥
• 1851 First pillar box appears, invented by Trollope, the novelist
• 1853 envelopes made by paper folding machine
• 1853 establishment of Compagnie Générale des Eaux, precursor of Vivendi
• 1854 telegraph used in Crimean War
• 1854 Wheatstone invents Playfair cipher
• 1854 Boole's Laws of Thought
• 1854 first Australian telegraph line (Melbourne to Williamstown)
• 1854 Carte-de-visite process simplifies photography
• 1855 compulsory prepayment of postage in US
• 1855 Hughes' printing telegraph
• 1855 pre-payment of letters made compulsory in US
• 1855 Maury's The Physical Geography of the Sea
• 1855 registered letters enter service in US
• 1855 Thomas Cook starts continental tours
• 1856 Poitevan develops photolithography
• 1856 blotting paper replaces sand boxes
• 1856 machine-folding of newspapers
• 1856 Symes buy The Age
• 1858 failure of first transatlantic telegraph service
• 1858 eraser fitted to end of pencil
• 1858 first aerial photograph
• 1858 Adelaide, Melbourne and Sydney linked by telegraph
• 1859 development of wide-angle camera lens
• 1859 cable across Bass Strait
• 1859 Charles Darwin's The Origin of Species published in London ¥
• 1859 John Stuart Mill's On Liberty
• 1859 Great Moral History of Port Curtis, Australia's first comic
• 1860 Sholes builds functional typewriter
• 1860 Schibsted launches Aftenposten
• 1861 - First transatlantic telephone cable laid
• 1861 end of Pony Express in US
• 1861 first colour photograph taken by James Clerk Maxwell
• 1862 drawing is sent over a wire by Caselli
• 1862 first US national paper money
• 1863First underground railway in London
• 1863 uniform postage rates in US
• 1863 rollerskates invented
• 1865 Atlantic cable links US and Europe
• 1865 Nokia established as pulp and paper mill
• 1866 Holt Rinehart Winston founded
• 1867 Cahalan invents stock ticker
• 1868 writing machine first called a 'Type-Writer'
• 1869 establishment of N W Ayer, first US ad agency
• 1869 UK private telegraph companies nationalised
• 1869 transcontinental railway completed in US
• 1869 Suez Canal opened
• 1870 stock ticker used by Wall Street
• 1870 first British postcard devised by Anthony Trollope
• 1871 Bates establishes first ad agency offering "creative services"
• 1871 Hoe perfects continuous roll press
• 1871 first newspaper printing of pictures (using halftone)
• 1872 simultaneous transmission from both ends of a telegraph wire
• 1872 US$1 million budget for advertising Lydia Pinkham's Pink Pills
• 1872 Overland Telegraph Line links Melbourne to Darwin, with connection to Europe
• 1873 D'Alzon founds Bonne Presse and Pelerin
• 1873 US 'Comstock Act' criminalises use of mail for distributing any 'obscene, lewd or lascivious book or other publication of indecent character'
• 1873 illustrated daily newspaper appears in New York
• 1873 Maxwell publishes theory of radio waves
• 1873 Dewey develops Dewey Decimal System for Amherst College Library
• 1873 Remington starts manufacturing Sholes' typewriters
• 1873 typewriters get the QWERTY pseudo-scientific keyboard
• 1873 Parmalee invents automatic fire sprinklers
• 1873 Mith and May note photoconductivity of selenium
• 1874 Universal Postal Union (UPU) formed
• 1874 Yomiuri Shimbun founded
• 1875 mimeograph invented by Edison
• 1875 UK Trade Marks Registration Act establishes Trade Marks Registry
• 1875 John Wiley & Son incorporated
• 1876 Bell invents telephone
• 1876 Corriere della Sera founded
• 1876 Chugai bukka shinpo (later Nikkei Shimbun) founded
• 1877 Washington Post founded
• 1877 Charles Cros and Thomas Edison invent phonograph
• 1877 first commercial telephone is introduced
• 1878 Edweard Muybridge photographs horse in motion
• 1878 Scripps newspaper group founded
• 1878 cathode ray tube invented by Crookes
• 1878 microphone invented
• 1878 telephone directories are issued
• 1878 full page newspaper ads
• 1878 dry-plate photography
• 1879 Benday process assists newspaper illustration
• 1879 first telephone service in Australia connects Melbourne and South Melbourne offices of Robinson Brothers
• 1879 Sydney Daily Telegraph appears
• 1879 Asahi Shimbun founded
• 1879 Dahl's 'sulfate' method for practical manufacture of paper from wood pulp
• 1879 Frege proposes notational system for mechanical reasoning
• 1880 first photos in newspapers using halftones
• 1880 Edison and Swan invent electric light
• 1880 first parcel post
• 1880 US-owned telephone companies in UK merge to form United Telephone Company (later National Telephone Co)
• 1880 first Australian telephone exchange opened in Melbourne
• 1880 telecommunications company Bell Canada established
• 1881 Electric lighting installed in the Savoy Theatre, London
• 1882 Married Womens' Property Act in UK
• 1882 first wirephotos
• 1882 first national US ad (by P&G for Ivory soap)
• 1883 First photogravure printed in Britain
• 1883 Halftone printing plates introduced
• 1883 Stillwell invents brown paper bag
• 1883 Curtis founds Ladies' Home Journal
• 1884 Vort Arbeid newspaper founded
• 1884 early version of television technology - Nipkow scanning disk
• 1884 long distance telephone calls
• 1884 electric tabulator
• 1884 Waterman's fountain pen
• 1885 First practical motor car with an internal combustion engine built by Karl Benz ¥
• 1885 AT&T formed
• 1885 cylinder-based dictating machines
• 1885 coated photo printing paper made by Eastman
• 1886 Mergenthaler's linotype machine
• 1886 Sears Roebuck, forerunner of Amazon.com, starts mail-order business
• 1886 first Berne Copyright Convention
• 1886 Coca-Cola syrup invented
• 1886 Hollerith forms Tabulating Machine Company
• 1887 est. 5,400 cash registers in US (increases to 16,900 in 1890)
• 1887 Celluloid photographic film introduced
• 1887 US Interstate Commerce Act
• 1887 Berliner patents phonographic disk
• 1887 Comptometer multi-function adding machine is manufactured
• 1887 Bodley Head founded
• 1887 dynamite invented (NO! Alfred Nobel invented dynamite in 1863!)
• 1887 Hutchinson founded
• 1887 Winfrey buys Spalding Guardian
• 1888 Kodak box camera
• 1888 Hertz proves existence of radio waves
• 1888 coin-operated public telephone
• 1888 J M Dent founded
• 1888 Burroughs patents adding machine
• 1889 Hollerith's punch card machine used in US census
• 1889 automatic telephone exchange
• 1890 AB Dick markets mimeograph
• 1890 New York Phonograph Co opens first purpose-built recording studio
• 1890 Launch of the Daily Graphic, the first illustrated newspaper
• 1890 zipper
• 1890 rotogravure press
• 1890 Constable founded
• 1891 telephoto lens is attached to the camera
• 1891 first telephone link between London & Paris
• 1891 International Copyright Convention
• 1892 Edison and Dickson invent peep-show Kinetoscope
• 1892 4-colour rotary press
• 1892 portable typewriters
• 1892 Herman Ridder buys New York Staats-Zeitung
• 1893 World's Columbian Exposition held in Chicago to celebrate the 400th anniversary of Columbus landing in America
• 1893 Coca-Cola trademark registered
• 1894 Marconi invents wireless telegraphy
• 1895 Lumière brothers invent Cinématograph
• 1895 William Friese-Greene invents phototypesetting
• 1895 Kellogg's Corn Flakes
• 1895 first Times Atlas of the World
• 1896 first edition of Daily Mail
• 1896 Henry Ford builds Quadricycle
• 1896 Underwood model permits typists to see what they are typing
• 1896 X-ray photography invented
• 1896 first US cinema opens
• 1897 Braun invents cathode-ray tube
• 1897 General Electric creates corporate publicity department
• 1897 Curtis launches Saturday Evening Post
• 1898 photographs taken by artificial light
• 1898 New York State passes law against misleading advertising
• 1898 Duckworth founded
• 1898 Kauppalehti daily founded
• 1898 James M Cox buys Dayton Evening News
• 1899 loudspeaker is invented
• 1899 magnetic sound recording
• 1899 American Marconi Company (forerunner of RCA)
• 1899 Burroughs Adding Machine Company
• 1899 Thorsten Veblen's Theory of the Leisure Class
• 1899 Kraus launches Die Fackel

1900-1919

• 1900 Kodak Brownie
• 1900 est. 1.4 million telephones, 8,000 registered automobiles and 24 million electric light bulbs in US
• 1900 'television' coined in France
• 1900 price of 'chemical' wood pulp reaches US$36 per tonne, down from US$344 per tonne in 1866
• 1900 'His Master's Voice' (HMV) registered as trademark in Britain
• 1901 first electric typewriter, the Blickensderfer
• 1901 first UK cinema opens
• 1901 Freud's The Interpretation of Dreams
• 1901 Gillette introduces double-edged safety razor
• 1901 Marconi sends radio signal across Atlantic
• 1901 establishment of Australian Commonwealth; PostMaster-General's 16,000 staff account for 90% of federal bureaucracy
• 1901 22,310 telephone subscribers in Australia (79% in capital cities)
• 1902 US Navy installs radio telephones aboard ships
• 1902 photoelectric scanning used for image transfer
• 1902 invention of the Teddy Bear
• 1902 national syndication of comic strips in US begins when Hearst licenses his strips to other newspapers
• 1902 Trans-Pacific telephone cable connects Canada and Australia
• 1903 London Daily Mirror illustrates only with photographs
• 1903 Ford Motor Co incorporated
• 1904 telephone answering machine
• 1904 photograph transmitted by wire in Germany
• 1904 comic book
• 1904 death of Joseph Pulitzer
• 1904 double-sided phonograph disc
• 1905 invention of the Yellow Pages
• 1905 juke box
• 1905 Australian Wireless Telegraphy Act regulates local airwaves
• 1906 offset press
• 1906 first classical music radio broadcast
• 1906 de Forest invents three-element vacuum tube
• 1906 Dunwoody and Pickard build crystal-&-cat's-whisker radio
• 1906 animated cartoon film
• 1906 Fessenden invents wireless telephony
• 1906 experimental sound-on-film motion picture
• 1906 experimental radio transmissions at Queenscliff, Victoria and Devonport, Tasmania by the Marconi Company
• 1907 Bell & Howell develop a film projection system
• 1907 Lumiere brothers invent still colour photography process
• 1907 electric washing machine - The Thor
• 1907 United Press International (UPI) founded
• 1907 Melbourne to Sydney telephone trunk line
• 1908 Ford's Model T
• 1908 electric iron and toaster patented
• 1908 Mills & Boon founded
• 1908 Sidgwick & Jackson founded
• 1909 radio distress signal saves 1,700 lives after ships collide
• 1909 first broadcast talk (on votes for women)
• 1909 pianos reach maximum market penetration in UK households at one per ten people
• 1910 Amalgamated Wireless Australia (AWA) formed
• 1910 first live opera broadcast
• 1910 Harrap founded
• 1911 UK and Australian Copyright Acts provide protection for author's lifetime plus 50 years
• 1911 American Tobacco Company controls 92% of world's tobacco business, just a bit more than Microsoft's share of the browser market in early 2001
• 1911 Photoplay magazine launched - first movie fan magazine and "genesis of celebrity culture"
• 1911 nationalisation of National Telephone Co in UK
• 1912 sinking of RMS Titanic
• 1912 Mises' The Theory of Money & Credit
• 1912 US passes law to control radio stations
• 1912 first neon sign
• 1912 first airmail
• 1912 first automatic telephone exchange in Australia
• 1913 portable phonograph
• 1913 est one-third of British households own a phonograph
• 1913 first newspaper crossword puzzle
• 1914 radio message is sent to an airplane
• 1914 35mm still camera
• 1914 American Audit Bureau of Circulations formed
• 1914 ASCAP (American Society of Composers, Authors & Publishers) founded
• 1914 Allen & Unwin founded
• 1914 first transcontinental telephone call in US
• 1914 Melbourne to Adelaide telephone trunk
• 1915 wireless radio service connects US and Japan
• 1915 radio-telephone carries speech across Atlantic
• 1915 Birth of a Nation
• 1915 electric loudspeaker
• 1916 United Newspapers formed in UK
• 1916 Sarnoff envisages radio as "a household utility"
• 1916 cameras get optical rangefinders
• 1916 radios get tuners
• 1916 US postal inspectors solve last known stagecoach robbery
• 1917 photocomposition begins
• 1917 Wente's condenser microphone
• 1917 Capek uses term "robot" in Opilek
• 1918 first regular airmail service: Washington to New York
• 1918 Beaverbrook founds Sunday Express
• 1918 first direct radio message from UK to Australia received at AWA's Wahroonga facility
• 1919 rotary dial telephones
• 1919 Eccles & Jordan's flip-flop circuit
• 1919 shortwave radio
• 1919 est. 1 million miles flown on scheduled routes (with 7,500 passengers)

1920-1939

• 1920 Pearson-controlled Westminister Press buys UK provincial newspaper chains
• 1920 merger of Agence Havas and Société Générale des Annonces advertising agency
• 1920 Heinemann founded
• 1920 first broadcasting stations opened
• 1920 KDKA in Pittsburgh broadcasts first scheduled radio programs
• 1920 first US transcontinental airmail
• 1921 Wittgenstein's Tractatus
• 1921 de Volkskrant founded
• 1921 Western Union begins wirephoto service
• 1921 soap powder for washing machines
• 1921 first hamburger chain, White Castle
• 1921 Thorsten Veblen's The Engineers & the Price System
• 1922 UK BBC formed as commercial radio broadcaster
• 1922 UFA film company founded in Berlin
• 1922 Technicolour introduces two-colour process for movies
• 1922 average US weekly movie attendance is 40 million (1.56 per household)
• 1922 first film with optical sound track produced by UFA
• 1922 first radio advertisement in USA, US$100 for ten minutes
• 1922 first 3-D movie
• 1922 Dwiggins coins term 'graphic design'
• 1922 Nanook of the North, first documentary
• 1922 first portable radio in US
• 1923 Sydney to Brisbane telephone trunk line
• 1923 Disneys found film studio in Hollywood
• 1923 electric guitar
• 1923 first commercial radio broadcasting in Australia
• 1923 Book-of-the-Month Club founded
• 1923 Phaidon founded
• 1923 Zworykin's electronic iconoscope camera and kinescope display
• 1923 A C Nielsen founded
• 1923 Young & Rubicam founded
• 1923 16mm nonflammable film
• 1923 Kodak introduces home movie equipment
• 1923 Time magazine
• 1923 Edward Bernays writes Crystallizing Public Opinion
• 1924 Marlboro is launched, targeted at women with the line 'Mild as May'
• 1924 invention of spiral binding for notebooks
• 1924 invention of Vegemite
• 1924 The Eveready Hour is the first sponsored radio program in US
• 1924 IBM incorporated
• 1924 Music Corporation of America (MCA) founded
• 1924 2.5 million radio sets in the US
• 1925 Leica 35 mm camera
• 1925 commercial picture facsimile radio service across the US
• 1925 electric phonograph
• 1925 wide-screen film
• 1925 Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby
• 1925 AT&T establishes Bell Labs
• 1925 Random House founded
• 1925 Faber & Gwyer founded
• 1925 Marinho takes control of O Globo newspaper
• 1926 General Electric forms Radio Corporation of America (RCA)
• 1926 Belo founded
• 1926 UK government nationalises BBC
• 1926 Nippon Hoso Kyokai (NHK) - Japan Broadcasting Corporation founded
• 1926 first radio jingle: Wheaties
• 1926 commercial picture facsimile radio service across Atlantic
• 1926 Baird demonstrates electro-mechanical TV system
• 1926 first 16mm movie is shot in the US
• 1926 NBC radio network
• 1926 Bell Labs transmit film by television
• 1926 Aniline printing developed
• 1926 Ridder buys Journal of Commerce
• 1927 NBC begins two radio networks
• 1927 Jolson's The Jazz Singer is the first popular "talkie"
• 1927 Lang's Metropolis
• 1927 Movietone offers sound newsreels
• 1927 US Radio Act declares public ownership of the airwaves and establishes federal Radio Commission
• 1927 Technicolor
• 1927 JVC formed
• 1927 Remington Rand formed
• 1927 Gollancz founded
• 1928 US broadcasters agree to ban radio ads during 'family hour'
• 1928 Baird demonstrates colour TV on electro-mechanical system
• 1928 first Mickey Mouse cartoon
• 1928 teletype machine
• 1928 Baird beams TV image from UK to US
• 1928 first scheduled television broadcasts in US
• 1928 IBM adopts 80-column punched card
• 1928 United Independent Broadcasters restructured as Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS)
• 1929 Associated Newspapers formed in Australia through merger of S Bennett Ltd with Denison's Sun Newspapers
• 1929 Cisneros founded
• 1929 Decca records founded in UK
• 1929 Nyquist Theorem
• 1929 telegraph ticker sends 500 characters per minute
• 1929 ship passengers can phone relatives ashore
• 1929 brokers watch stock prices on an automated electric board
• 1929 Sydney-Melbourne picturegram service launched
• 1929 car radio invented
• 1929 first magnetic sound recording on plastic tape
• 1929 first television studio built in London
• 1929 Variety reports that 'Wall Street Lays An Egg'
• 1929 Bell Labs transmits stills in colour by mechanical scanning
• 1929 Zworykin's cathode-ray tube "kinescope" receiver, 60 scan lines
• 1929 Baird's tv transmissions using BBC radio towers during off hours
• 1929 est. 57 million miles flown on scheduled routes (with 434,00 passengers)
• 1930 Sidney & Cecil Bernstein open Granada Cinema
• 1930 Experimental 30-line TV transmissions in the UK
• 1930 photo flashbulbs replace flash powder
• 1930 first use of TV for advertising via closed circuit in UK and US
• 1930 Lowell Thomas comperes first regular US network newscast
• 1930 Bush's differential analyzer
• 1930 AT&T trials picture telephone
• 1930 Melbourne to Perth telephone trunk line
• 1930 London to Melbourne telephone service
• 1930 Curtis buys Philadelphia Inquirer
• 1931 commercial teletype service
• 1931 electronic TV broadcasts in Los Angeles and Moscow
• 1931 exposure meters on sale to photographers
• 1931 Der Mann ohne Eigenschaften
• 1931 EMI formed in UK
• 1931 incorporation of Compagnie Luxembourgeoise de Radiodiffusion (CLR)
• 1931 Crossley system for rating size of radio program audiences
• 1932 General Electric divests RCA
• 1932 first colour photo in a British newspaper, The Times
• 1932 Times uses Morrison's new Times Roman typeface
• 1932 Kodak introduces 8 mm film for home movies
• 1932 stereophonic sound in a motion picture, Gance's Napoleon
• 1932 Zoom lens invented
• 1932 NBC and CBS allow prices to be mentioned in radio commercials
• 1932 International Telecommunications Union
• 1932 Berle & Means' The Modern Corporation & Private Property
• 1933 first Mars bar
• 1933 Edwin Armstrong invents FM
• 1933 singing telegrams
• 1933 Homer Capehart sells Simplex record changer to Wurlitzer Co as basis for jukebox
• 1933 Dreft, first household detergent
• 1933 stereo phonograph records
• 1933 Australian Broadcasting Commission (ABC) established
• 1934 US Communications Act of 1934 creates federal Communications Commission
• 1934 drive-in movie theater opens in New Jersey
• 1934 Associated Press starts wirephoto service
• 1934 first overseas radiophoto published in Australian newspapers
• 1934 first mobile television truck captures Nazi rally
• 1934 3-colour Technicolor used in live action film
• 1934 half US homes have radios
• 1934 Muzak founded
• 1935 audio tape recorders on sale in Germany
• 1935 IBM markets electric typewriter
• 1935 IBM markets 601 tabulator
• 1935 first Kit Kat in UK
• 1935 first Penguin paperback
• 1935 Michael Joseph founded
• 1935 all-electronic VHF television
• 1935 Eastman-Kodak develops Kodachrome colour film
• 1936 Berlin Olympics are televised closed circuit
• 1936 Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC)
• 1936 coaxial cable connects New York to Philadelphia
• 1936 Turing describes a general purpose computer
• 1936 Walter Benjamin's The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction
• 1936 Life launched
• 1936 Packers buy Sydney Daily Telegraph from Associated Newspapers
• 1936 Keynes's General Theory of Employment, Interest & Money
• 1937 Turing's On Computable Numbers introduces Turing machine
• 1937 NBC sends mobile TV truck onto New York streets
• 1937 Hindenburg crash broadcast coast to coast in US
• 1937 Greater Union Theatres (GU) group in Australia
• 1937 Photocopier invented by Carlson
• 1937 Snow White is first feature-length cartoon
• 1938 Baird demonstrates live TV in colour
• 1938 Biro brothers invent ballpoint pen
• 1938 CBS World News Roundup ushers in modern newscasting
• 1938 radio surpasses magazines as a source of ad revenue in US
• 1938 U Penn plays first publicly televised game of US football
• 1938 War of the Worlds broadcast frightens chattering classes
• 1938 Hulton Press Library founded as archive for Picture Post magazine
• 1939 Cox buys The Atlanta Journal
• 1939 Atanasoff-Berry Computer, first electronic digital computer
• 1939 300,000 jukeboxes in US
• 1939 New York World's Fair shows television to public
• 1939 first regular TV ads
• 1939 radio in 75% of German households
• 1939 Hewlett-Packard

1940 - 1959

• 1940 Walt Disney's Fantasia introduces stereo sound
• 1940 CBS demonstrates color television in New York
• 1940 80% of US homes have radio
• 1940 Wilson's To the Finland Station
• 1941 Citizen Kane
• 1941 stereo installed in Moscow movie theater
• 1941 FCC sets US TV standards
• 1941 first colour TV commercial, for Bulova watches
• 1941 microwave transmission
• 1941 Zuse's Z3 computer
• 1942 Academic Press founded
• 1942 Lamarr & Antheil patent for secure "spread spectrum" communications
• 1942 Kodacolour process produces the colour print
• 1944 Harvard's Mark I, first digital computer
• 1944 IBM offers typewriter with proportional spacing
• 1944 first high-fidelity recordings
• 1944 von Neumann & Morgenstern's Theory of Games & Economic Behavior
• 1945 Clarke describes geosynchronous communication satellites
• 1945 Bush's 'Memex' article
• 1945 est. 10,000 television sets in US
• 1946 6,500 television receivers sold in US
• 1946 Lanham Act in US
• 1946 term 'bit' used for first time by John Tukey
• 1946 first network soap opera
• 1946 jukeboxes go into mass production
• 1946 ENIAC makes 5,000 additions in one second
• 1946 automobile radio telephones connect to US phone network
• 1946 Love Me Sailor censorship trial in Australia
• 1946 Axel Springer founds Nordwestdeutsche Hefte and Hör Zu magazine
• 1946 Rupert Hart-Davis founded
• 1946 over 200 new mass-oriented magazines launched in US
• 1946 IBM markets 603 electronic tabulator
• 1946 Universal Pictures merges with International Pictures to become Universal International
• 1947 invention of transistor
• 1947 zoom lens used in US baseball world series TV
• 1947 holography
• 1947 International Telecommunication Union (ITU) becomes UN agency
• 1948 Claude Shannon's A Mathematical Theory of Communication
• 1948 Wiener's Cybernetics
• 1948 invention of LP record and Polaroid camera
• 1948 News of the World sells 8 million copies in UK
• 1948 Holtzbrinck founded
• 1948 Brost buys licence for Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung (WAZ)
• 1948 establishment of Australian Broadcasting Control Board
• 1948 US weekly cinema population peaks at 90 million
• 1948 IBM markets 604 tabulator
• 1949 birth of US network TV
• 1949 disposable syringe invented in Australia
• 1949 RCA introduces 45 rpm record
• 1949 regional use of cable television in US
• 1949 first commercial computer
• 1949 magnetic core computer memory
• 1949 Australian CSIRAC computer perform its first controlled program
• 1949 The Lone Ranger and Hopalong Cassidy initiate tv Western genre
• 1949 Weidenfeld & Nicolson founded
• 1949 Thames & Hudson founded
• 1950 Turing's Computing Machinery & Intelligence
• 1950 Remington-Rand acquires Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corp
• 1950 NBC launches Today show and The Adventures of Superman
• 1950 Phonevision, first pay-per-view service
• 1950 AC Nielsen's Audimeters start to track TV viewing
• 1950 changeable typewriter typefaces in use
• 1950 first credit card - Diners Club
• 1950 first Bertelsmann book club formed
• 1950 Victor Civita forms Editora Abril
• 1950 Paul Hamlyn founded
• 1950 R. C. Hoiles founds Freedom Newspapers

1951-1975

• 1951 1.5 million television sets in US
• 1951 launch of commercial radio in Japan
• 1951 Cinerama
• 1951 Wang Laboratories founded
• 1951 still cameras get built-in flash units
• 1951 coaxial cable reaches coast to coast in the US
• 1951 André Deutsch founded
• 1951 Peter Owen founded
• 1951 Treaty of Paris establishes European Coal and Steel Community
• 1952 Bing Crosby's company tests video recording
• 1952 Nixdorf Computer founded
• 1952 US government sues IBM for monopolizing punched-card machine industry
• 1952 Sony produces first transistor radios
• 1952 UNIVAC I projects the winner of the presidential election on CBS
• 1952 Zenith proposes pay-TV system using punched cards
• 1952 est. 22m television sets in US homes
• 1953 first issue of TV Guide
• 1953 Axel Springer buys Die Welt
• 1953 launch of commercial TV in Japan
• 1953 Fairfax grabs Associated Newspapers
• 1953 National Cash Register enters computer market through purchase of Computer Research Corporation
• 1954 Village Roadshow media group founded
• 1954 Television Act establishes UK Independent Television Authority (ITA)
• 1954 FORTRAN created by John Backus
• 1954 IBM markets 650 computer, using drum storage
• 1954 USSR launches Sputnik
• 1954 regular colour TV broadcasts begin in the US
• 1954 TV ad revenue exceeds radio revenue in US for first time
• 1954 Robert Borkenstein patents breathalyser
• 1955 NBC president David Sarnoff says "Television will never be a medium of entertainment"
• 1955 Disneyland opened
• 1955 EMI buys Capitol Records in US
• 1955 launch of L'Espresso
• 1955 Remington-Rand & Sperry Gyroscope merge as Sperry-Rand
• 1955 rebranding sees start of Marlboro Man campaign
• 1955 first fluoride toothpaste, Crest
• 1955 music recorded on tape in stereo
• 1955 US record sales reach US$277m pa
• 1956 television broadcasting in Australia
• 1956 Granada TV starts broadcasting in UK
• 1956 first transatlantic telephone cable
• 1956 television in 71% of US households
• 1956 first hard disk drive at IBM
• 1956 IBM settles punch card dispute through DOJ consent decree
• 1956 Ampex builds practical videotape recorder
• 1956 Bell Labs tests picture phone
• 1956 first transatlantic telephone calls by cable
• 1956 term 'artificial intelligence' devised
• 1956 first use of "Elvis has left the building"
• 1956 Burroughs Adding Machine Company enters computer market through purchase of Electrodata
• 1957 Treaty of Rome establishes European Economic Community
• 1957 Control Data Corporation formed
• 1957 Digital Equipment (DEC) formed
• 1957 National Opinion Polls (NOP) founded in UK
• 1957 Soviet Union's Sputnik sends signals from space
• 1957 first Japanese car sold in US
• 1957 FORTRAN becomes first high-level computer language
• 1957 UNIVAC II marketed
• 1957 Sony TR63 is first pocket transistor radio
• 1957 surgical operation is televised
• 1957 Vance Packard's The Hidden Persuaders
• 1957 Chomsky's Syntactic Structures
• 1957 first book to be entirely phototypeset is offset printed
• 1958 US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency founded
• 1958 Minsky founds AI Lab at MIT
• 1958 Warner Bros records formed
• 1958 UNIMATE is first industrial robot
• 1958 colour videotape recording
• 1958 laser invented at Bell Labs
• 1958 integrated circuit
• 1958 cable carries FM radio stations
• 1958 Galbraith's The Affluent Society
• 1958 Bank of America launches first US credit card
• 1958 AT&T markets first modems
• 1959 local ads go on cable TV in the US
• 1959 Xerox's first automatic paper copier
• 1959 "A Mars a day helps you work, rest and play"
• 1959 French SECAM and German PAL television systems
• 1959 first packaged program sold by Computer Science Corporation
• 1959 Advance buys Conde Nast magazine group
• 1959 Axel Springer buys majority of Ullstein AG
• 1959 Grundy Productions founded in Australia
• 1959 Tisch brothers buy Loews cinema chain from MGM
• 1959 US record sales reach US$600m pa